Human Genetic Engineering: Appendix, Resources

	APPENDIX RESOURCES

	SPECIALIST WEBSITES EMAIL NEWSLETTERS ACTIVISTS RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVES US GOVERNMENT AGENCIES GE FOOD CAMPAIGNERS OTHER WEBSITES BOOKS

	SPECIALIST WEBSITES The Center for Genetics and Society (CGS) a large and well-organized website, with links to hundreds more; good summaries of the scientific and political issues, and the responses of various constituencies; email newsletter listed below The Council for Responsible Genetics (CRG) publisher of GeneWatch, “America’s first and only magazine dedicated to monitoring biotechnology’s social, ethical and environmental consequences,” six times a year, subscriptions from $35; website includes archived issues President’s Council on Bioethics a remarkable resource; several comprehensive reports, available free, with background papers and transcripts of presentations made at its meetings Institute on Biotechnology and the Human Future (IBHF) particularly strong on legal issues; also reposts some important general papers

	EMAIL NEWSLETTERS Genetics Crossroads from the Center for Genetics and Society (CGS); six times a year, plus occasional special issues; usually includes one or more features, plus news, often with detailed analysis Bioethics News Highlights from the Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity (CBHD); weekly, the first sentence or two of about 15 news articles, plus links, presented without comment; plus a monthly Update on the Center’s activities, with Christian commentary Human Genetics Alert News Service one mail containing the complete text of about 6 articles, plus brief comments, from Human Genetics Alert (HGA), a British activist group; used to be daily, became weekly in 2004 GM Watch Newsletters daily, weekly or monthly; a terrific resource from GM Watch, which evolved from the Norfolk Genetic Information Network (NGIN), a news and research service founded in Norfolk, UK in the spring of 1998. The newsletters are focused on GE Food but also cover Human GE; British-based but with a very international approach, including US activities and particularly strong on Africa and Asia; up to 5 emails a day, or single-email weekly or monthly round-ups Organic Bytes twice a month from the Organic Consumers Association (OCA); one email with a paragraph (and picture) per story and links to the rest; pdf version also available; mostly on food and agriculture

	ACTIVISTS Many social-justice, environmental, feminist and other organizations have interests in Human GE issues (see Chapter 11). As well as such prominent ones as Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace, which have large agendas, these are among the most important, and all run by activists with a long-standing commitment to these issues: Our Bodies Ourselves (OBOS) aka the Boston Women’s Health Book Collective (BWHBC) International Center for Technology Assessment (ICTA) The Foundation on Economic Trends Institute for Social Ecology (ISE) Navigate via "Projects" to the Biotechnology Project ISE is the Organizational sponsor for the Northeast Resistance Against Genetic Engineering network (neRAGE), a grassroots network of biotechnology activists and organizations Disabled Peoples International (DPI) Indigenous People Council on Biocolonialism (IPCB)

	RELIGIOUS PERSPECTIVES The Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity (CBHD) a resource particularly for Christian bioethics, with position statements and an excellent series of links as well as an email news service The National Council of Churches This community of 36 Christian communions has established a Human Genetics Policy Development Committee, which among other activities produced a Study Guide (332k pdf) to Bill McKibben's excellent book Enough (see below). The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life useful overviews in the ‘Publications’ section Christian Denominations The United States Conference of Catholic Bishops United Methodist Church search for ‘genetics’ or ‘cloning’ Baptists for Life Center for Biblical Bioethics Southern Baptist Convention search by the topic ‘genes’ United Church of Christ Episcopal Church search for ‘genetics’ Other Religions Religious Action Center of Reform Judaism Jewish Law preliminary analyses on cloning and stem cell research Islam A collection of links to Islamic views Hinduism An early overview from Hinduism Today

	US GOVERNMENT AGENCIES National Institutes of Health (NIH) Stem Cells at NIH Human Genome Project (HGP) at NIH Department of Energy (DoE) Genome Site Human Genome Project (HGP) at DoE Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Reproductive Health information and reports Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

	GE FOOD CAMPAIGNERS Agricultural biotech provoked a number of new activist groups, supplementing efforts by previously established organizations like Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth. Sites worth checking for further information include: The Center for Food Safety (CFS) The Organic Consumers Association (OCA) The Campaign to Label Genetically Engineered Foods The Pesticide Action Network North America (PANNA) The Institute for Food and Development Policy (Food First) The GE Food Alert Coalition The Genetic Engineering Action Network (GEAN) a network of about 100 organizations, including many local groups; distributes a CD that includes about 2,000 articles worth having, compiled by Luke Anderson, author of Genetic Engineering, Food and Our Environment (see below)

	OTHER WEBSITES The World Anti-Doping Authority (WADA) The Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology claims to be impartial but in practice seems to favor biotech; good survey data Genetics and Public Policy Center (GPPC) at Johns Hopkins, funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts The Corner House a radical British think-tank that produces excellent briefing papers, including a section on genetics Genetic Engineering and Its Dangers a large collection of links and a list of books, compiled by Professor Ron Epstein

	BOOKS Critics and Skeptics Two books with important critical perspectives on Human GE, one from an environmentalist (McKibben), the other from a generally conservative commentator, are: Bill McKibben, Enough: Staying Human in an Engineered Age, Henry Holt and Company, 2003 Francis Fukuyama, Our Posthuman Future: Consequences of the Biotechnology Revolution, Farrar, Strauss and Giroux, 2002 Other significant contributions are: Lori Andrews, The Clone Age, Henry Holt, 1999 Andrew Kimbrell, The Human Body Shop, Regnery Publishing, 1997 Sheldon Krimsky, Science in the Private Interest: Has the Lure of Profits Corrupted Biomedical Research? Rowman & Littlefield, 2003 Jeremy Rifkin, The Biotech Century, Tarcher/Putnam, 1998 Brian Tokar, ed., Redesigning Life: The Worldwide Challenge to Genetic Engineering, Zed Books, 2001 Casey Walker, ed., Made Not Born, Sierra Club Books, 2000 Several other books take a skeptical position on genetic determinism, notably: Ruth Hubbard and Elijah Wald, Exploding the Gene Myth, Beacon Press, 2nd ed. 1999 Richard C. Lewontin, Biology As Ideology: The Doctrine of DNA, Harperperennial, 1993 Richard C. Lewontin, The Triple Helix: Gene, Organism, and Environment, Harvard University Press, 2000 Classic essays by Leon Kass and C.S. Lewis can be found in: Leon R. Kass and James Q. Wilson, The Ethics of Human Cloning, The AEI Press, 1998 C.S. Lewis, The Abolition of Man, first published in Great Britain in 1943 by Oxford University Press, since reprinted many times by various imprints Books on eugenics and related topics include: Edwin Black, War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America’s Campaign to Create a Master Race, Four Walls Eight Windows, New York, 2003 Stephen J. Gould, The Mismeasure of Man, W.W. Norton, revised 1996 Daniel Kevles, In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity, Harvard University Press, 1985, revised 1995 Supporters and Enablers Among the more extreme are: Lee Silver, Remaking Eden: How Genetic Engineering and Cloning Will Transform the American Family, Bard, 1998; originally published as Remaking Eden: Cloning and Beyond in a Brave New World, Avon, 1997 Gregory Stock, Redesigning Humans: Choosing Our Genes, Changing Our Future, Mariner Books, 2003; originally published as Redesigning Humans: Our Inevitable Genetic Future, Houghton Mifflin, 2002 Gregory Stock and John Campbell, eds, Engineering the Human Germline: An Exploration of the Science and Ethics of Altering the Genes We Pass to Our Children, Oxford University Press, 2000 Somewhat more subtle are books whose pro-biotech bias is implicit, such as: Brian Alexander, Rapture: How Biotech Became the New Religion, Basic Books, New York, 2003 Allen Buchanan, Dan W. Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel Winkler, From Chance to Choice: Genetics and Justice, Cambridge University Press, 2000 Stephen S. Hall, Merchants of Immortality: Chasing the Dream of Human Life Extension, Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, 2003 Gina Kolata, Clone: The Road to Dolly and the Path Ahead, William Morrow and Company, 1998 Matt Ridley, Genome, HarperCollins, 2000 GE Food The best single book about GE food is: Jeffrey M. Smith, Seeds of Deception: Exposing Industry and Government Lies About the Genetically Engineered Foods You’re Eating, Yes! Books, 2003; there is an associated website, with a growing library of articles, and an email newsletter. Other useful ones include: Luke Anderson, Genetic Engineering, Food and Our Environment, Chelsea Green Publishing Co., 1999 Ronnie Cummins and Ben Lilliston, Genetically Engineered Foods: A Self-Defense Guide for Consumers, Marlow & Company, 2000